Revenge and Delay in Hamlet Essay

The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare is one of his most influential tragedies telling the story of treachery, revenge and moral corruption. The play is about Prince Hamlet who seeks to exact revenge on his uncle Claudius for murdering his King Hamlet, Claudius’s brother. Hamlet’s father then succeeds the throne and takes as his wife Gertrude, the old King’s Widow and Prince Hamlet’s father. â€Å"As doth well appear unit our state, But to recover of us by strong†¦ †(1. 1. 01-102) These word by Horatio, Prince Hamlet’s close friend reveals to the reader one of the crucial themes in this play, the need for revenge, not just by Hamlet but by Fortinbras, the Prince of Norway and Claudius through Laertes. Their emotions, thoughts and action are fueled by their craving for vengeance and as the three revenge plots intertwine, it is revealed that the nature of revenge is not simple but complicated as the reader seeâ₠¬â„¢s Hamlet’s inner struggle to take action, and his inability to make decisions. see more:conflict in hamlet The indecision, hesitation and delay are what make the plot stand out from other revenge stories. The main plot in the play is that of Hamlet who is visited by the Ghost of his father telling him to avenge his death. Hamlet’s response was â€Å"Hast me to know’t, that I, with wings as swift, As meditation or the thoughts of love, May sweep to my revenge† (1. 5. 29-31)Sets the plot for revenge but later he is seen having his doubts as expressed in the line â€Å"Fie upon’t, foh! About, my brains! † (2. 2. 574). After Hamlet establishes Claudius’ guilt, by staging the murder of Gonzago he gets the opportunity to kill the unattended Claudius in his chamber but allows this opportunity pass after soliloquizing the matter and saying that killing Claudius will not be revenge as he will go to heaven. Throughout the play he is reflective and pensive and delays the moment as long as he possibly can. He is later exiled when he accidentally kills Polonius. After another visit by his father’s ghost he makes up his mind. He returns to Denmark and in a fencing match that ensues, he manages to kill both Laertes and Claudius even though he dies from the wound he received from the Poisoned tip of Laertes sword. Claudius on the other hand, uses Laertes as tool to carry out his plan to kill Hamlet. Laertes is blinded by the need of vengeance such he would do whatever it takes to accomplish this without any hesitation whatsoever. Claudius takes advantage of this situation and it’s quite evident in the following lines: â€Å"Laertes, was your father dear to you? Are you like the painting of a sorrow† (4. 7. 05-107) and â€Å"To show your father’s son in deedmore than in words? † (4. 7. 123-124) Laertes replies: â€Å"To cut throat i’the church. † (4. 7. 125)Claudius cultivates this thirst and his ability to act rashly which drives him in a fencing match with Hamlet. This turns into a bloody ending and ultimately leads to Hamlet and Claudius’ death. Fortinbras, the prince of Norway wants to avenge the death of his father by creating so large an army that would over the Danish army. He is a strong-willed leader described as â€Å"Hot and full† (1. 1. 96), with a tendency to act rashly as opposed to Hamlet’s continual hesitation delay. While Hamlet is contemplating on the issues of life, death and morality of revenge, Fortinbras is out to conquer lands. However, he also listens to his friend Horatio who advices him to wait before he attacks Denmark. This allows him in the end to achieve his vengeance without doing much. Hamlet himself considers Fortinbras a model of greatness, as he passed him with his army he remarks, â€Å"To be great, is not to stir without great argument but to find quarrel in a straw, When honor’s at the stake. † (4. 4. 52-55) Fortinbras is not bothered too much with thoughts and is quick to take action to preserve his family’s honor. In conclusion it can be said that the main reason Hamlet fails on his mission of vengeance is due to his hesitation partly brought by his own cowardice and partly due to his inner conflict with the moral outlook of it all. Laertes fails because he is too quick to move into action without careful consideration of the situation at hand. Fortinbras on the other hand, succeeds because even though he was quick to take action, he listens to his uncle’s advice. In the end, this teaches the reader the importance of thinking clearly, coherently and sticking to our principles prior to taking any actions.

Substrate

A1. Role of Enzymes in Processes Enzymes are organic catalysts that help to speed up the breakdown of a molecule, such as fructose. The enzyme helps a chemical reaction take place quickly so that the reaction happens properly. In order for that to happen the enzymes process by the lock and key model, the lock is the substrate and the enzyme is the key. The active sites are specific to a certain substrate of a molecule, so the enzymes only have one job to do. The shape of an enzyme is not changed or consumed during these reactions.However, without enzymes the reactions would take too long and would not breakdown properly. A2. Deficiency in Aldolase B In hereditary fructose intolerance there is a protein lacking that is needed to breakdown fructose. Aldolase B is the substance needed to breakdown fructose. Without the Aldolase B the body is not able to change glycogen into glucose that the body needs. When this happens an individual’s blood sugar can fall and substances will bui ld up in the liver causing more health issues.With an absence of the enzyme Aldolase B, fructose cannot be broken down causing hereditary fructose intolerance. Symptoms can be severe, â€Å"these include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and hypoglycemia following ingestion of fructose or other sugars metabolized through fructose-1-phosphate. Prolonged fructose ingestion in infants leads ultimately to hepatic and/or renal failure and death. † (Haldeman-Englert, 2011) A4. Substrate The specific substrate acted on by Aldolase B is fructose-1-phosphate (F1P).This then is converted into DHAP and glyceraldehyde. Once the conversion is finished the product can enter the glycolysis cycle to from ATP or energy used for the body. â€Å"In normal cellular conditions, the primary enzymatic activity of aldolase B is to cleave fructose diphosphate (FDP). † (Roth, 2012) A5. Role of Aldolase B Aldolase B is the substance needed to breakdown fructose. Its specific role is to speed up t he breakdown process of fructose to a more usable from in the body.Aldolase B is primary found in the liver, but can also be found in the small intestines and kidneys. B1. Interconversions of Cori Cycle If the Cori Cycle occurred and then remained in a single cell, no useful metabolic work would be complete. The reason for this is that â€Å"if the Interconversions of the Cori Cycle were to take a place within a single cell it would constitute a â€Å"futile cycle† with glucose being consumed and resynthesized at the expense of the ATP and GTP hydrolysis. (Campbell & Farrell, 2008) If this were to happen the cycle would essentially be running in opposite directions, having no affect and wasting energy. Having both the glycolysis portion and the gluconeogenesis portion going at the same time, will result in glucose being converted in to pyruvate by glycolysis and then converted back to glucose by gluconeogenesis, all this will cause a use of ATP, not making. The cycle needs t o take place in order to produce ATP, an energy source for the body especially during muscle activity. B3.Defect Preventing Conversion of ADP to ATP Having a deficiency in the Citric Acid cycle can create the entire cycle to halt essentially. Having the citric acid cycle halt can create a build-up of lactic acid, decreasing the amount of oxygen getting to the tissues. Hypothetically the Citric Acid cycle is missing the enzyme malate; â€Å"Malic acid acts as a catalyst in the Kreb’s cycle to increase energy production from the burning of pyruvic acid. Malic acid also aids in exercise recovery by counteracting the build-up of lactic acid. (Ward, 2011) Missing the malic acid can create chronic fatigue, muscular myalgia, and arthritic-like pains. Any disturbances to the cycle can produce and contribute to neurological and physical problems. B4. Role of Coenzyme Q10 The role of Coenzyme Q10 in ATP synthesis is unique. It can function in every cell of the body to make energy; no other molecule can perform this function. The enzyme is very hydrophobic, so it can move freely within the cell membrane.Its special function is that is can accept and donate electrons, which plays a big role in the electron transport chain. â€Å"It accepts electrons generated during fatty acid and glucose metabolism and then transfers them to electron acceptors. At the same time, Coenzyme Q transfers protons outside the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient across that membrane. The energy released when the protons flow back into the mitochondrial interior is used to from ATP. † (Higdon, 2003)

Deponds on what proverbs you choose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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Target Retail Return Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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2010 Earthquake in Haiti Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Applied Research Technologies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Applied Research Technologies - Case Study Example The company is also known for its entrepreneurial spirit and the same can be gauged from the fact that the company currently owns 60 different business units, many of which are acquired in last 2-3 decades. Decentralized decision making is their strength to bring solution to the issues and speed up jobs across all business units. The company’s innovative strength can be assumed from the fact that almost 30% of the company’s revenue from each business division comes from the products that has been developed in the last 4 years. The company constantly strives to find new business opportunities and inspires business units heads and others to come up with fresh business ideas and proposals that can maintain its leading position and competitive edge in the market. To continue with the spirit of innovation, the company taps talent globally without any restriction or regional bias and accordingly, the company opens India Technical Center (ITC) under the auspices of the corpora te R&D group of the company. While working as a general manager at the Filtration Unit of the company, Vyas is in the process of developing a prototype mini water-oxidation product with an aim to exploit the product commercially that can purify waste water. Previously, over the past three years, two such attempts have been unsuccessful in developing the product. So far, the Filtration unit has only one profitable line of business and it has failed to bring new products in market in keeping with the company’s image of innovativeness. In a way, the Filtration Unit is quite vulnerable and so is the position of Vyas, if he fails to launch a new product successfully in the market third time. Vyas is quick to realize this and that is why he has formed a team full of entrepreneur-minded individuals. Though ITC technologists develop a promising product that is approved by Wagner, its first generation version is rejected for its foul odor and the second version of the product is rejec ted for its high power consumption. Without getting perturbed from these failures, Vyas harps on the true entrepreneurial spirit of the company taking clue from the CEO David Hall’s entrepreneurial concept that states: â€Å"I expect all our managers, and particularly those on the front line, to create, promote, and back promising ideas. But we understand that when you go for the big leap, you won't always clear the bar. So there is no shame in failure when you are stretching for big objectives. Around here we routinely celebrate what we call "worthy attempts"—even when they are unsuccessful† (Bartlett & Beckham, 2010). Though Vyas has been managing the global challenges quite well yet it appears that Vyas has missed something in the beginning – on deciding about some essential minimum requirement pertaining to the features of the product under development while giving a brief to the ITC technologists. Had the required features of the product been streaml ined earlier then the valuable time spent on developing two versions of the product would have been conserved. Any new product needs to be made available at not only affordable cost but also it should have minimal operating and maintenance cost (minimal fuel consumption, power etc.) maintaining ease of operation for the users. It is true that all this will depend upon what kind of customers or which segment of the market is going to be catered; however, the fact remains that clear guidelines were not given by Vyas to the technologists on required features of the product that eventually resulted into the failure of two products and loss of resources. As front-line manager, Vyas has been effective in managing people as he forms a team full of en

Industrial Relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Bipolar Disorder as a Mental Illness Research Paper

Bipolar Disorder as a Mental Illness - Research Paper Example There are specific medical events that take place that chemically represent the nature of the disease. Despite the fact that there are some people who believe that bipolar disorder is not a physical manifestation, the truth is that it is a disease that can be treated with pharmaceutical methods of treatment. The nature of bipolar disorder is that it is a mental disease with specific treatments that can assist a person who is suffering from its affects to have a vital and meaningful life. Mood Swings The nature of bipolar disorder is that it is defined by mood swings. This type of definition lends itself to interpretations that suggest that perhaps it should be more easily controlled by the individual and is a matter of choice over a matter of disease. As well, there are times when the disease is attributed to normal hormonal mood swings and is discounted as the unreasonable nature of the individual, rather than being understood as outside of their control. There are those who do not have an understanding, nor wish to believe, that a mental disorder can be accountable for the actions of a person, rather than the mental issues that are based upon a biological factor. Mood swings have been attributed to an unreasonable mind, rather than to the chemical state of an illness that can be treated. ... ves in a position where instead of their loved ones recognizing that they are experiencing a disorder, they are blamed for their symptoms without there being an understanding of how they can possibly not be in control of themselves. Women with bipolar disorder are more susceptible to larger mood swings in association with their periods, their symptoms of PMS lasting for weeks rather than days and their anger and irritability being beyond their ability to conduct themselves as they normally would (Burgess, 2006, p. 186). The problem that comes with this is that a blame is set up that creates stress, shame, and guilt, as the actions and behaviors manifest outside of the control or the actual responses that a person would have to any given situation. In this situation, the problem will begat the problem, perpetuating a cycle of episodes from the stress that is created from not addressing the problem sufficiently and from blaming a person for not having control, when they suffer from a d isease that takes control from them. Bipolar Illness Sartorius (2005) describes bipolar disorder as â€Å"a chronic remitting and relapsing illness that causes significant burden to patients, families and society† (p. 69). Hudson and Rapee (2005) through saying â€Å"Although patients with bipolar disorder may also experience many †¦psychotic symptoms, their major problem is mood instability. Periods of abnormally elevated mood, increased energy and decreased need for sleep, alternate with episodes of depressed mood, decreased interest, and low energyâ€Å" (p. 205). â€Å"It exists within the patience as an active illness for about 1% of the lifetime. Per year, 9-15 per 100,000 men contract the illness and 7-30 per 100,000 women. Most people who have the illnesses will seek some sort of help for

Leading and Managing in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leading and Managing in Nursing - Essay Example The use of improved technologies enables our organization to reduce the risks of the healthcare-associated diseases, helps to identify the individuals who have severe conditions during admission to the hospital. According to Yoder-Wise (2015), the use of better electronic technologies enables the medical staff to apply universal protocol to avoid wrong procedures, wrong sites, and wrong patient in non-surgical and surgical procedures. The hospital in New York is among the best in the area because they have a systematic plan meant to maintain quality services for the patients since it is essential for the provision of improved healthcare. Our facility has various formal quality committees that ensure the provision of better services at the health center. The committees in my hospital include; the risk management and patient safety, ethics, infection control, quality of care, and disaster committees among others. The nurses are involved in the quality committees by complying to the rules and regulations set by the heads of the committees, for instance the ethics committee advocates for patients and members of staff to be treated with respect and provided with affordable health care while the quality care committee ensures that patients are safe and get the right medication when they are sick. Issues are brought to the attention of the quality committee when the patients complain about the conduct of a certain employ ee at the hospital, when the employees feel they are overworked and need more resources and manpower to help in the delivery of services, and when the hospital needs to upgrade their facilities due to advancement in technology. I think the quality improvement process could be enhanced by ensuring that all members of staff are part of at least one or more committees and take part in the decision making roles in order to feel appreciated and strive to meet the  goals and objectives of the facility.  

Narrator in Mark Twains Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

Narrator in Mark Twains Huckleberry Finn Essay Mark Twain chose Huck Finn to be the narrator to make the story more realistic and so that Mark Twain could get the reader to examine their own attitudes and beliefs by comparing themselves to Huck, a simple uneducated character. Twain was limited in expressing his thoughts by the fact that Huck Finn is a living, breathing person who is telling the story. Since the book is written in first person, Twain had to put himself in the place of a thirteen-year-old son of the town drunkard. He had to see life as Huck did and had to create a character that could see life as Mark Twain saw it. Huck is more than Twains mouthpiece because he is a living character and is capable of shaping the story. The language that Huck uses shows what he sees and how he will pass it on to us. Something else that is apparent is that the humor of the book often depends on Hucks language. In chapter fourteen, Huck is telling Jim about royalty in general which is an example of humor through language and incomplete education although sometimes he is not that far from the truth. They [royalty] dont do nothing! Why, how you talk! They just set around. No; is dat so? Of course it is. They just set aroundexcept, maybe, when theres a war; then they go to war. But other times they just lazy around; or go hawkingjust hawkingwhen things is dull, they fuss with the parlyment; and if everybody dont go just so he whacks their heads off. But mostly they hang round the harem. However, by using Hucks language Twain creates character and establishes realism. Huck is capable of making Twain write something merely because it is not the kind of thing Huck would say or do, and he can force Twain to leave something out because Huck would not do or say that kind of thing. Huck is essentially good-hearted, but he is looked down upon by the rest of the village. He dislikes civilized ways because they are too restrictive and  hard. He is generally ignorant of reading and writing, but he has a sharply developed sensibility. He is imaginative and clever, and has a good eye for detail, though he does not always understand everything he sees, or its significance. This enables Twain to make great use of irony. Huck is basically a realist. He knows only what he sees and experiences. He does not have a great deal of faith in things he reads or hears. He must experiment to find out what is true and what is not. With this kind of personality, Huck is able to believe Jims superstition at some times and to distrust others. He also see Huck as he is, the opposite of Tom Sawyer. He is as stated before, a realist, and generally a regular person except when he goes off on Toms adventures or when he follows Toms lead. He is not sivilizable. The end of the book makes this clear. He is where he was in the beginning: he left the Widows house, and he will leave Aunt Sallys. Something in society and civilization appalls Huck. Huck learns from Jim, who is in some ways his substitute father. He does not believe in Jims superstition until the superstition proves itself true. He mocks the snakeskin until the snakeskin does its work. Huck rises to Jims level by accepting Jims superstitions. Huck enters Jims primitive world which, though crude, is more honest and real than Miss Watsons world. He cannot go beyond this world. He wont pray because he has not had any benefits from prayer. Huck is involved in adventures and is continually bothered by his conscience. All during the trip down river, he tries to answer the question whether hes doing  right by the Widows sister and by Jim, or not. The obsession with justice  has him confused. Whatever he chooses to do, hes wrong. Hes wronging Jim if he returns him to slavery; hes wronging Miss Watson if he helps Jim escape. Huck has no way of knowing what is right. He must follow his feelings and the only thing he can do is to learn by experience. And he does. Using Huck Finn as the narrator of the book allowed Mark Twain to add more life, excitement, and realism in his writings. We can only think how good Mark Twain was at languages by how he writes. Twain created Huck, but soon Huck had his own personality and life and Mark Twain had to write with this character.

Information System IT And Organizational Culture Information Technology Essay

Information System IT And Organizational Culture Information Technology Essay What make information system so essential and vital today for every organization? Why heavy investment in information systems and information technologies are still continuing and increasing day by day? The trend today is all set to form an effective and efficient mechanism for improving business processes and achieving overall organizational strategies. In this report we aim to evaluate and analysis the relationship of information system and information technologies with organization and effect of organizational culture in information system development. Information system is the mean by which the people of organization utilize technologies, obtained, process, store, and spread information internally and externally. We can also explain information system in broader way. Combination of hardware, software infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, controlling coordination and decisions making. E:mis10eimagesimg01_05.jpg Nature of information system Before defining organizational information system, the term system, information and management or organization must briefly be explained. A system is a combination or arrangement of parts to form an integrated whole. A system is a plan or method of doing something, on other hand information is what is using in the act of informing or the state of being informed. Management can be defines as planning, organizing, directing and controlling the bossiness operation. Now if we merge all these concepts it becomes management information system. Management information system is that system which allows manager to make decision for the successful operation of the business. Management information systems consist of computer resource, people, and procedure use in modern business organization. Division of information system An information system consists of four parts: procedure, hardware, software, and data. There are different types of systems within an organization, for example: transaction processing system, decision support system, office system, knowledge management system, and office management system. All these systems design to perform tasks for which human brain are not well suited, such as: handling large amount of information, performing complex calculation and controlling many simultaneous processes. Every organization always consider and trying to achieve main objectives set by top management or at the time of organization formulation. That is why, now in a new modern world every organization invests heavily to adopt a new information system to achieve these goals. Strategic role of IS: Information systems always support business operations and processes. Its help organization or business to conduct all function and activities properly. Information system support decision making for managers. Now a day the role and impact of information system direct boots the efficiency and performance of the business. With new advancement of technology a new concept develops in organization which can be define as strategic information system. Dr. Charles Wiseman first introduced the concept of Strategic information system or SIS into the field of information system in 1982-83. Almost any data processing system may be called Strategic if it aligns with computer strategies of business and with organization strategies When any organization implements the strategies through computer, can be define as strategic information system. They are the systems which apply on business strategies in such a way that computer system has an impact on the organization affiance and performance. Organizational information system develops to support to business activities. Organizational information system now become an integral and vital part of business, and directly influences on market share and all others aspects of profitability. At strategic level, through information system organizational planner can analysis and plan new direction for business. Need of Parallel Strategy: In this scenario every organization must focus and analysis one main strategy which is call parallel strategy. Parallel strategy can be define as a save and conservative conversion approach where both the old system and its potential replacement are run to gather for a time until everyone assured that the new system working correctly. This approach can be useful for those organizations that planned to convert its manual system into digital information system. Strategic objective of IS There are six main strategic objective of INFORMATION SYSTMEN are: Functional excellences through monitoring efficiency, productivity, and change in management behaviour through modern technology. Create opportunities and for product and services through new technology. Improved and speedy communication internally and externally within an organization. Quick and improve decision-making. Achievement of Competitive advantages. Survival of organization with help of information system and technology. Operational or functional role of IS: In every organization there is main four-system need to be monitor and control for smoothly run of the business at operational level. The performance of all department depend on system and its show overall performance of any organization. At operational level there are four main systems working together along with other resources of organization like people etc. For example at operational level systems are: Financial information system. Manufacturing information system. Human resource information system. Marketing information system. The financial management information system provides financial information to all financial managers within an organization including the chief financial officer. Financial system keeps of organizations financial assets and funds flow. Manufacturing information system provides all manufacturing information of production department. This information system deal with planning, developing and production of product and service On other hand human resource system are concerns with activities related to worker, managers, and other individual employed by organization. This system maintain employee records; track employee skills, job performance, and training ,and support for employee compensation and career development Next vital system is sale information systems which support managerial activities in the area of product development, distribution, pricing decision, promotional effectiveness and sale forecasting. Management analyzes historical and current financial activity, projects future financial needs, and monitors and controls. E:mis10eimagesimg09_01.jpg Development of information system: A new information system is develop as a solution to some type of problem or set of problem the organization face at different level on various occasions. There are two main reasons for new development of information system. Theses reason might be: Top management or manager realize that the organization is not performing as well as expected. Top management realize that the organization should take advantage of new technology and opportunities to perform more efficiently. An information system support daily, short term, and long term activities of users. It includes store clerk, sale representatives, accountant, manager executive etc. When information requirement change, the information system must meet the new requirement. Understanding information system is vital to all professionals. In todays organization manager and employee at all level work together and use information system. Both are connected directly and indirectly. Socio-technical entity: one important thing need to know about information system development is that an information system is a social and technological entity, and arrangement of both social and technical elements. The development of organizational information system not only involves, hardware, software, programmer, and communication, but also includes change in jobs, knowledge, skill management policies, and processes within organization. Development of organizational information system change organization as whole and change the decision making process as well. Before development of information system, the builder of system must understand how a system will affect the organization as whole, focusing particularly on organizational conflict and change. A new system can be technically successful but failure in social and political process of building new system can fail the whole system. The development of any information system always enhances the real picture in information service in the organization and help information management having a more participatory role in the operation of the organization. In every organization there are three general types of information systems develops and use to keep the business running smoothly. They are financial system, operational system and strategic system. All theses system further subdivided into different system and this division depend on the needs of organization. Technical and Human participation in System Development: Effective system development requires team effort. For every system development project, the organization build a team work on that system or project from beginning to end. That team consist on stakeholder, users, manager and various support personnel. Without the involvement of human no system can be successful at technically level. System development should involve representative from each department. This include nontechnical and IT professionals. The role and responsibilities of member of the system development team vary organization to organization. Following factor are very vital for system development: Stakeholder: all individuals who directly or indirectly affect on organization and they get benefit from system development project. Manager who has highly visible role as system sponsor are key stakeholders because they work hard for system success and ultimately receive some credit or blame. System member or human are very important for new system because they responsible for using system and make it successful. System analyst: A system analyst is a professional who specializes in analysing and designing organizational system and is responsible for designing and an information system for organization. Depending on the size of organization, the task perform by system analyst may vary, so without system analyst the development of information system not possible. They are the key professional who utilizes technology to develop a successful system for organization. They also deal and control all technical issue relate to information technology. In every organization networking of departments are only possible with combination of system analysts and new technology. Technical specialists: the technical specialists are responsible for installing and maintain local networks. The database specialists assist systems analysts and programmers in Developing or modifying applications that use the companys database; the database administrators administer and control an organizations data and information resources; the data warehousing specialists develop and design enterprise-wide applications, for data mining; the data communications specialists evaluate, install, and monitor data communications equipment and software and is responsible for connections to the Internet and other wide area networks. Software programmer: A software programmer is a professional who use computer language such as C++, Java, Perl, PHP, and visual basic. Computer programmer are responsible for making computer programme to satisfy user requirement, they take the plan from system analyst and build necessary software. Its clearly show that for success of any system depend on combination of human and technical resource. As human they participate in system development process, define their goal, and achieve the objective of development of information system. Human can play role as nervous within the organization. Human involvement is vital for any project. For example in case of any problem only machine or computer cannot do anything. Organizational Culture and Information System Organizational culture is personality of any organization. Culture is comprised of the assumption, values, norms, and tangible sign of organization member and their behaviour. Culture is one of those terms that difficult to express distinctly but everyone know it when they sense it. For example a culture of large organization is totally different form the culture of hospital or culture on university. The concept of culture is very important when organization attempting to develop a new information system. During last decade, the impact of national and organizational culture on development and use of information technology increases rapidly. Meanwhile many information technology scholars argue that organization need to understand culture difference if they want to deploy new information system. For this purpose it is vital to know the relationship between technology and culture. The world becomes global market with interaction and communication between people of different cultures. In fact global activities are facilitated by current advanced technology and communication. With rapid increase in technology we are now seeing that same technology being used by different people of different culture. Impact of organizational culture on development of IS process An increasing number of information system applications are implemented across national and cultural boundaries. During this development or transfer process many of these applications encounter problems which can be attribute to the difference between cultures of organization. Culture consists of several elements of which some are implicit and others are Explicit. Most often these elements are explain by terms such as behaviour, values, norms, and basic assumptions. Several studies have suggested that values are important category of culture. Values and practice are acquire early in life through childhood socialization and education then stable in nature but they can change over time and theses change reflects on culture. Hofstedes national model Like all human activities, culture influences on development of information system in different ways. Because of numerous aspects of culture has received particular attention. Hofstedes main research on national culture is principally describe in cultures consequences. The work of Hofstede stands out for the connection of design activities to national culture and organizational forms. His primary data were extracted from a pre-existing bank of employee attitude surveys undertaken around 1967 and 1973 within IBM subsidiaries in 66 countries is the basis for a significant theoretical explanation of the influence of culture on information system design. Geerd Hofstede developed four dimensions of culture such as uncertainty voidance, masculinity, power distance, and individuality influence in information system design. In addition, he compared the designs of geographic information systems in German and US countries. Because of the wealth of data and deep theoretical interpretation, his work has received much attention in the field than other fields Hofstede tried to examine the role of national culture in information system design. He constructed his model on review of sociological theories and work including Kluckho HN (1952, 1961), Parson (1951), Parson and Shils and Weber. In addition, Hofstedes model has been widely used in management research. Hofstedes four dimensions of national culture including: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Uncertainty avoidance: the extent to which future possibilities are defend against or accepted Power distance: the degree if inequality of power between a person at a higher level and a person at a lower level. Individualism: the relative importance of individual goals. Compared with group or collective goals. Masculinity: the extent to which the goal of men dominate those of women. Uncertainty avoidance is the focus on information systems in decision support systems. It is considered with power distance because of interaction effects. On the other hand, individualism and masculinity have little importance and relevance to German and US countries. According to Hofstede, in Germany and the USA, both characterized by low power distance, there are two possible ways to keep organizations to gather and reduce uncertainty. Conclusion This research report suggested that cultures role is dependent on several factors and it is an important topic of research for information system. Results show that competitive environment as well as the nature of itself affects the impact that culture values will have over the transfer process. Finally, it can be said that when culture is in agreement with the IS, the consequences may be as Follows: It allows us to know if the implementation of IS will be satisfactorily accepted It lays down the patterns forth usage of information. Thus, it helps identify which information is important, where it may be obtained and above all, to whom it must be supplied It is an important means of communication, both inside and outside the firm and it allows us to assess the effectiveness of IS applied to telecommunications. It creates cohesion among the members of a firm, as it explains the way things are done in a firm It allows the creation of a social control within a firm. For instance, the implementation of IS, and the correct predisposition of corporate members towards such IS, is hardly controlled merely by means of formal measures. Cultural roles are also very important in this respect. It may help increase the satisfaction of all internal collaborators of the firm, for it facilitates environmental adaptation and internal integration, thus reducing the anxiety created by IS

Six Sigma Lean Production Systems

Six Sigma Lean Production Systems Nowadays, the development of industrial core intrinsic technologies is more and more important due to the dynamic competition in the global market. Companies have to keep and continuously upgrade their intrinsic technologies in the professional field to gain the sustainable competitive advantage. However, they also have to continuously upgrade their management technologies, and keep sensitive to the latest issues as well as their integration with companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s current system. Otherwise, they still cannot survive in the market even though their intrinsic technologies are advanced. No matter how the management technologies be developed, they must emphasize their contribution to business performance, customer satisfaction and continuous improvement of the products or services. Moreover, the integration of different systems is an important issue today and tomorrow. This research will focus on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Six Sigmaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Lean Production Systemà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? to discuss their integration based on the background and thoughts mentioned above. Six Sigma is one of the most popular quality initiatives recently. Lean Production System is the world famous production system developed and practiced by Toyota mobile company for a long time. It based on two concepts: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Just-In-Timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Jidohkaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Both are based on the variation in thinking in order to improve business process, enhance quality, production and competitive position. Besides, the integration of them is viewed as a new trend in the next management wave. Moreover, regarding the industry characteristics, service industry is quite different from manufacturing industry. Even though there are more wastes and improvement opportunities, the application of Six Sigma, Lean Production System or their integration in service industry is quite few neither in literatures nor practice. This research proposes the Lean Six Sigma integration model based on the research gap and the practical need, and then adapt it for service industry. The model is named as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Lean Six Sigma for Service (LS3)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? in this research. It balances the viewpoints of internal and external customers, and gives consideration to the Lean speed as well as Six Sigma high quality. Also, this research tries to contribute to the enhancement of management technologies. 2. LITERATURES REVIEW 2.1. Introduction to Six Sigma Six Sigma is the major focus of many companies for its powerful breakthrough performance demonstrated in GE, Motorola etc. recently. Six Sigma can help companies to reduce cost, increase profits, keep current customers and create new customers. In brief, Six Sigma is a methodology to reduce the variation of every process and their interfaces to achieve a very high quality level. In statistical theory, six sigma is an ideal target value, and expressed as: 6à Ã†â€™. It means when the process or product we observed under a normal distribution, the probability of a specific attribute value shifts from the mean about positive or negative six standard deviation would be 0.002 part per million (ppm). Motorola company found a phenomenon that the process mean would shift around the center point of specifications in a long-term processing, and the shifting range would be about positive or negative 1.5 standard deviations from the center point of specifications. Hence, Motorola company modified the statistical meaning of six sigma. The definition can allow the sample mean shifts from the center of the population, and the observed process or product would out lie the six sigma limits only 3.4 times per million operations under the original specifications. In addition, the sigma performance can also be expressed by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Defect Per Million Operations (DPMO)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? shown as Table 1. Table 1. DPMO and Sigma Performance Yield DPMO Shift from Mean Popular Age 6.68 % 933200  ± 0à Ã†â€™ 30.9 % 690000  ± 1à Ã†â€™ 69.2 % 308000  ± 2à Ã†â€™ 1970s 93.3 % 66800  ± 3à Ã†â€™ 1980s 99.4 % 6210  ± 4à Ã†â€™ Early 1990s 99.98 % 320  ± 5à Ã†â€™ Mid 1990s 99.9997 % 3.4  ± 6à Ã†â€™ 2000s Six Sigma means the world leading quality level. More and more companies understand to use Six Sigma to improve the process quality so as to achieve the business dramatic performance. This is because Six Sigma requires the quantitative measurements and analyses of the core business processes as well as suppliersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ involved processes. Originally, Six Sigma methodology is applied to manufacturing industries. However, the applications of Six Sigma are no longer be limited in manufacturing processes today. Keim (2001) demonstrated Six Sigma is very suitable to improve the service performance by two real cases. Paul (2001) pointed that the recent trends in Six Sigma are: emphasis on cycle time reduction, smaller business deployment, and integration with other initiatives. As the Six Sigma market grows, so does the availability of organizations to assist in deployment and integration. This availability of technical expertise allows smaller businesses realistically consider Six Sigma deployment with minimal economic investment. Besides, due to the central concern of Six Sigma is to pursue the customer satisfaction and business performance, we can view Six Sigma a main structure while integrating with other initiatives. As for the integrating initiatives such as Lean Production System, Total Quality Management or Quality Costs etc. depend on the different requirements of each company. 2.2. Introduction to Lean Production System Lean Production System (also called Toyota Production System) is the world famous production system developed and practiced by Toyota mobile company for a long time. It based on two concepts: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Just-In-Timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Jidohkaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. This kind of production system is very flexible to the dynamic change of market demands, and Lean Production System is established by many small group improvement activities to eliminate all kinds of wastes in the business. An important literature written by Spear and Bowen (1999) published in Harvard Business Review pointed that, the Toyota Production System and the scientific method that underpins it were not imposed on Toyota à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" they were not even chosen consciously. The system grew naturally out of the workings of the company over five decades. As a result, it has never been written down, and Toyotaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s workers often are not able to articulate it. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s why ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s so hard for outsiders to grasp. In the article, Spear and Bowen attempted to lay out how Toyotaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s system works. They tried to make explicit what is implicit. Finally, they described four principles à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" three rules of design, which show how Toyota sets up all its operations as experiments, and one rule of improvement, which describes how Toyota teaches the scientific method to workers at every level of the organization. It is these rules à ¢Ã¢â€ š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"and not the specific practices and tools that people observe during their plant visits à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" that in their opinion form the essence of Toyotaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s system. Hence the two authors called the rules as the DNA of the Toyota Production System. These rules guided the design, operation, and improvement of every activity, connection, and pathway for every product and service. The rules are as follows: Rule 1: All work shall be highly specified as to content, sequence, timing, and outcome. Rule 2: Every customer-supplier connection must be direct, and there must be an unambiguous yes-or-no way to send requests and receive responses. Rule 3: The pathway for every product and service must be simple and direct. Rule 4: Any improvement must be made in accordance with the scientific method, under the guidance of a teacher, at the lowest possible level in the organization. All the rules require that activities, connections, and flow paths have built-in tests to signal problems automatically. It is the continual response to problems that makes this seemingly rigid system so flexible and adaptable to changing circumstances. 2.3. Four Characteristics of Service Industry Recently, due to the economic and international trading environmental change, the structures of many companies are also changed. The growth of service industries rapidly chases the growth of manufacturing industries. Especially for the current situation in Taiwan, many factories are moving to mainland China. Hence, the needs for service industries to fill in the space of economic activities become very huge. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s why service industries play an important role in the economic development recently. This research concludes the four characteristics of service industries based on the literatures written by Kotler (1997), Regan (1963) and Zeithmal, Parasur Berry (1985) as follows: Intangibility: It means that services can be consumed and perceived, but they cannot easy to be objective measured like the manufactured products. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s why there is usually a perception gap between the service provider and consumer. Variability: It means that services are delivered by people, so the service quality may change depending on different time, people and consumer perception. That is, the variability of services. Perishability: Unlike the tangible manufactured products, services cannot be inventoried. They are delivered simultaneously while the demands from consumers appear. Once the demands disappear, the services perish. Inseparability: Since the delivery and consumption of services almost be done simultaneously. Hence the interactions between servers and consumers play an important role on the evaluation of service quality. Consumers evaluate the service quality on the moment of consuming the service. That is, the inseparability of services. 3. MODEL CONSTRUCTION This research proposes an integration model of Six Sigma and Lean Production System for service industry called as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Lean Six Sigma for Service (LS3)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. In practice, the first stage is to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Leadà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? the process improvement project by hearing the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Voice of Customer (VOC)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The project identification and its scope must be clarified so as to serve the customers more efficiently and effectively by the improvement. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Leadà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? stage provides the project team a well-defined scope of the problem they are faced. Hence the major mission of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Studyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? stage is to measure the current status or level by quantitative data, and then to analyze how the problem affects the process. By the collection of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Voice of Process (VOP)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, the project team can try to converge the problem and begin to find out its root causes. Moreover, no matter what the process indicators are, the project team has to well define them first, and to explain the purpose as well as the use of each indicator. Most important of all, the performance indicatorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ definition and their evaluation methods must be agreed and confirmed by the people involved. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s very important to detail record the performance levels and action results for the further enhancement of service processes. After studying and analyzing the current status of the service process targeted, the third stage is to draw up problem solving countermeasures. The countermeasures must be transformed to the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Voice of Server (VOS)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? so as to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Smoothà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? the whole service process. It is hoped to reduce the defects and speed up the service delivery by the verification of performance indicators. Therefore, the project team will propose some education and training plans for the coming countermeasuresà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ conduction. The project team can measure if the project target achieved or not by the proposed countermeasures so as to continuously monitor and control the better results. At this time, the project team has to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Sustainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? the operating stability of the service process. Therefore, the purpose of this stage is to confirm the result, the effectiveness of the countermeasures and if there is any side effect. Once these things are confirmed feasible, the project team can view the knowledge and experiences as the base of knowledge management and technology accumulation. Finally, the knowledge and experiences must be diffused and deployed throughout the organization so as to be the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Voice of Business (VOB)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The LS3 operating model proposed by this research shown as follows: Figure 1. Structure of Implementing LS3 The key points and tools of implementing LS3 are concluded by this research and shown as Table 2. Moreover, the tools of LS3 are also shown as Figure 2. Table 2. Key Points and Tools of Implementing LS3 LS3 Activities Tools Lead Lead the process improvement projects by hearing the voice of customer (VOC) Identify the process improvement project Define the project performance indicators Select the project team members Accomplish the project charter and job assignments Market survey Project charter Annual police deployment Quality function deployment Value stream analysis Study Study and analyze the current status of targeted process to get the voice of process (VOP) Observe the actual process, and measure the baseline Analyze the collected data to understand the present situation Confirm the problem and critical-to-quality Process mapping Measurement system analysis Motion and time study Multi-vari analysis Cause and effect matrix Process capability analysis Time value analysis Smooth Propose the countermeasures, and transform them into the voice of server (VOS) to smooth the service process Draw up the improvement countermeasures Implement the countermeasures to accelerate the service delivery Confirm the results by performance indicators 5S Operation balancing Rapid operation switching Visual management Eliminate, combine, rearrangement, simplify Process reengineering Failure mode and effect analysis Sustain Sustain and control the project results, and spread out the organization to be the Voice of Business (VOB) Standardize the effective countermeasures to sustain the results Continuous control the improvement level Design the job value of employees in the service process Knowledge diffusion and application Control chart Check list Process standardization Error proofing Education and training Figure 2. Tools of Implementing LS3 4. CONCLUSION Due to the limitation of practical resources, the LS3 model demonstration by a real case could not be included in this research. Therefore, this research used the questionnaire survey to verify the theoretical logic and feasibility of LS3 structure. We interviewed several Lean Production and Six Sigma experts and consultants, and we expect to provide a base of verification by their experiences and knowledge. Finally, we conclude the agreements and suggestions of the experts as follows: All the experts and consultants agreed the theoretical structure of the proposed model by this research, and expressed the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“very much agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? level on the logic, implementing steps and their contents. All the experts and consultants expressed the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“very agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? level on the proposed model with PDCA management cycle. All the experts and consultants expressed at least the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? level on the fitness for use of the proposed tools. Some experts considered that the names of some tools originally be applied in manufacturing industry should be changed to be well understood in service industry. In addition, all the experts and consultants considered that the tools mostly applied in manufacturing industry should also be applied to service industry. This is because there are huge demands and expectations of these tools in service industry based on their experiences and observations. Hence they deeply agreed the proposed model by this research contains the tools for reference. All the experts and consultants expressed the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“very agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? level on the proposed model really integrated the principles of Six Sigma and Lean Production System. Some experts suggested we could emphasize the principles of Lean Production System a little more. All the experts and consultants expressed the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“very agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? level on the feasibility of applying this model to the service industry. All the experts and consultants expressed the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“very agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? level on the practical value of this proposed model, and they also expressed that they will refer the structure to demonstrate it if there is any suitable opportunity in the near future. Therefore, we conclude the agreements and suggestions by the experts as follows: all the experts agreed the proposed model by this research on the whole structure, implementing steps and tools planned. They also expressed the practical value and operational feasibility of this model is very high. Moreover, all the experts agreed this model on the fitness for use in the service industry, and they will refer this model to demonstrate it when there is any opportunity in the near future.

Pied Beauty Essay example -- Poetry

The poem "Pied Beauty" begins by praising God for all the colorful and diverse things in nature. The speaker is thankful for everything with dots, circles, different colors, etc. He seems to be fond of nature and "the great outdoors." Many of the images in the poem made me think of camping out, or a picnic. For example, fresh fire-coal, chestnut falls, finches, skies of two colors, cows, etc. But the poem does not only speak of natures’ diversity. It also makes reference to manmade things. For example, man’s trades, tackle, and trim are also varied. The landscape plotted and pieced. The poem goes on to thank God for more things. Everything that is different, everything that is changing, everything that has dots, etc. At the end of the poem, the speaker says, "He fathers-forth whose beauty is past change." I had trouble with this line, because I did not know what the speaker meant by this. But after researching, and asking around, I came to the conclusion that it means that God, who creates change, is unchanging himself. While the beauty of the earth lies in its change, and it’s diversity†¦ the beauty of God is unchanging and timeless. So there is a bit of irony at the end. This poem seems to have no setting. However, it uses a lot of images that made me think of being outdoors, camping, on a picnic, or looking up at the sky. The poem also has a joyful tone. It also has a little religious insight. It is almost li...

Investigate the Water Potential of Potato Cells Essay -- GCSE Biology

Investigate the Water Potential of Potato Cells Introduction In my investigation, I hope to determine the water potential of potato cells. The plant material I will use in my investigation will be potato chips, which I will cut myself prior to the investigation. I hope to find the concentration of a solution where the chip stays the same mass and length, which will tell me that the water potential inside the cells is the same as the water potential outside the cells. Background Osmosis is defined as the movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane. Semi - permeable membranes are permeable to water but impermeable to certain dissolved substances. In the case of this experiment, the sucrose molecules cannot diffuse through the cell membrane because the sucrose molecules are much bigger than water molecules. The water potential of a solution is a measure how dilute the solution is, and therefore of how readily water will diffuse from this solution, through a semi-permeable membrane, into another solution. Pure distilled water has a water potential of zero: the water potential becomes more negative as more substances are dissolved in it. When two solutions are separated by a semi-permeable membrane, water moves from the side with high water potential to the side with low water potential: If we dissolve substances in water we lower the water potential of the solution:- High water potential Some water potential Low Water Potential Chip grows Chip stays the same Chip shrinks Key Variables o Mass of the chip - I think that the larger the mass of the chip then the bigger the difference in results will be, therefore I think that to make experiment more easy it would be best to u... ...ive balance to measure the mass, and I could have used a burette or pipette for volumes of liquids. I also could have used a sharper knife to cut the lengths of the chips. All of these things would have made my experiment more accurate. I also could have done a few more averages and repeats, to decrease the margin of error in my experiment, making my results more reliable. For further work, I would like to see if in my experiment I could actually get the result in my experiment where chip does not change at all, by putting it in the correct Molarity of sucrose solution. I would do this by putting it in different concentrations, ranging from 0.1M to 0.4M, and see what happened. I would also like to do the original experiment again, but using the improvements I listed above, and see how much of a difference there was in the results with the improvements.

Family and the Polis Essays -- essays papers

Family and the Polis Family and the Polis: Two Very Different Ideals Sophocles wrote a play entitled Antigone. One of the main characters, Creon, is a king who is trying to rule in the best interests of his community. Aristophanes also wrote a play, Lysistrata, where his main character is trying to stop a war within her country, a war between Sparta and Athens. Lysistrata is the only one who succeeds. It is because she focuses on the family issues first. That is what is at the heart of what is best for all of the people of Greece. Antigone is about rights of family and the control of the polis, or the government. Antigone is a strong female character whose two brothers, Eteocles and Polyneices, were killed by each other in a battle for the throne and power of the city. Polyneices’ body was left unburied and no one was allowed to bury it. Antigone wanted to respect her brother so she tried to go and bury him. Creon, the new king, was her uncle and she was engaged to marry his son. Creon told her that her brother’s body must remain above ground because of the dishonor that he brought upon himself when he murdered his own brother in a battle for power and for the blood that he spilled of his own countrymen. He was a traitor. He turned on the city he once ruled and fought and killed the very brother that he shared blood with. By law his body was to remain above ground for the birds and the beasts to pluck apart. Creon commanded: â€Å"I here proclaim to the city that this man/ shall no one honor w ith a grave and none shall mourn†. Polyneices wasn’t going to be given honor when his life didn’t merit any. Creon saw Polyneices as an exile and a destroyer of the city. He came and attacked the very land that was his own and the... ...oney had been spent, too many people had died. To many things had been forgotten about for the mere reason of war The woman wanted their men home and rightly so. The killing needed to stop and the men needed to come home and run the cities and the land once more. She wanted things back the way that they used to be. Her plans were successful. The war was able to stopped and the needless killing ended. The men returned home to their wives and families were reunited. Lysistrata and Creon wanted to help their communities in different ways. Only Lysistrata was triumphant in her plan. She started with her own family and then moved beyond that for all the women and the whole of Greece. Creon was thinking big and acting small. He was focusing on community and the government or the polis first of all and in doing that, he lost what is the most important issue, family.

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Question 3 what reading have you enjoyed most in the past year and why? The reading I have enjoyed the most In the past year Is To kill a mocking bird' by Harper Lee The Storrs main theme is about racial discrimination and gender Inequality. It used a child's point of view to tell the story so I can throw myself Into the main character Scout. Thanks to her naivety, the injustice and the hypocrisy of Maycomb folks are enhanced. The most excltlng part of the story Is the tight In the court. Scout's father is a lawyer and he is trying to fight for a black man.Although I expect there will be a courageous character to stand up and correct the bias but it comes out as a bad ending, which prejudice Is Imposed. However I can still sense that the author is trying to tell us what is wrong and what is right If I have to use a word to describe the story, the word would probably be: Amazing. My emotion flows with the story, and every detail is mentioned clearly, Harper's writing is really coheren t as well. I was reminded that â€Å"Your never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view†¦ til you climb inside of skin and walk around in It. † This is an absolute delight reading and I highly recommend others to read. The reading I have enjoyed the most In the past year Is ‘To kill a mocking bird' by Harper Lee. The storys main theme is about racial discrimination and gender inequality. It used a child's point of view to tell the story so I can throw myselt into the Maycomb folks are enhanced. The most exciting part of the story is the fight in the court. Scouts father is a lawyer and he Is trying to fight for d black man.Although I comes out as a bad ending, which prejudice Is Imposed. However I can sull sense that the author is trying to tell us what is wrong and what is right. If I have to use a word to describe the story, the word would probably be: Amazing. My emotion tlovw with the story, and every detail is mentioned clea rly, Harpers writing is really you consider things from his point of view†¦ untll you climb Inside of skin and walk around in it. † This is an absolute delight reading and I highly recommend others to read.The reading I have enjoyed the most In the pastyear Is ‘To kill a mocking bird' by Harper Lee. The storys main theme is about racial discrimination and gender inequality. It used a child's point otviewto tell the story so I can throw myselt into the court. Scouts father is d lawyer and he Is trying to fight for d black man. Although I 1 Of3 coherent as well. I was reminded that mfour never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view†¦ Until you climb inside of skin and walk read.The reading I have enjoyed the most in the past year is ‘To kill a mocking bird' inequality. It used a child's point of view to tell the story so I can throw myself into the court. Scout's father is a lawyer and he is trying to fght for a black ma n. Although I comes out as a bad ending, which prejudice is imposed. However I can still sense by Harper Lee. The story's main theme is about racial discrimination and gender Maycomb folks are enhanced. The most exciting part of the story is the fght in the coherent as well. I was reminded that miour never really understand a person until

Living in the forest Essay

Although the majority of people in the Amazon live in the cities and towns, there are still many indigenous groups living in the forest, some who have no contact with the ‘outside’ world and live in a harmonic environment. Rainforests are the most diverse ecosystems on the planet, as well as being the home to an estimated 50 million indigenous forest people. These people depend on the rainforest for their way of life. It provides them nearly everything from shelter and food to tools and medicine. The people living in the forest make practical and sustainable use of the forest. It also plays an important role in their spiritual and cultural life. Other than hunting, gathering wild fruits and nuts and fishing, each family usually has two gardens. One is a small house garden which consists of a variety of plants and the second is a large plantation planted with bananas, manioc or rice. They use a sustainable farming method called shifting cultivation. First they clear a small area of land and burn it (slash and burn). Then they plant different types of plants, to be used for food and medicines. After a few years, the soil has become too poor to allow for more crops to grow and weeds start to take over. They then move to a nearby un-cleared area. This land is traditionally allowed to re-grow for 10-50 years before it is farmed again. Shifting cultivation is still practiced by those indigenous groups who have access to a large amount of land. However, with the growing number of non-indigenous farmers and the shrinking rainforest, other groups, especially in Indonesia and Africa, are now forced to remain in one area. The land becomes a wasteland after a few years of overuse, and cannot be used for future agriculture. Indigenous people respect the forest that, until the present, has protected them from outsiders and given them everything they need. They live in a sustainable existence. This means that they use the land without harming the plants and animals that also call the rainforest their home. Indigenous people get all their resources primarily from the forest. Other than their food they get their clothing, tools, medicines and shelter form there. This is part of their culture and way of life, as their ancestors also lived in this way. Children do not go to school however they learn about the forest through their parents and other members of the community. They are taught how to survive in the forest. This usually includes how to hunt and fish. They are also taught which plants are useful as medicines or food. Some of these children know more about the rainforests than scientists who have been studying rainforests for many years. There are many different groups. But one example is the ‘Maku’ group. A daily life of someone in the ‘Maku’ village: The women wake up at sunrise and prepare the men’s breakfast. Each meal is communal and is eaten at the leader’s house. After the men have eaten breakfast they depart either alone or in pair’s depending on what prey they saw the day before. After they have left the women and children eat and soon after go to the swiddens to harvest and replant manioc. They return around midday and prepare manioc flour, bread and porridges. At about three in the afternoon the men return with what they have caught and hand it over to their wives. Each woman cooks at her own fireplace but the meal is communal and held in the leaders house. The men eat first and then the women and children. After this three or four meals follow until they sleep, this is at around 9p.m. Indigenous people have a very strong culture and still practice it. One of the rituals are when a young boy or girl go into adulthood the hair on their head is plucked out by other people. Even though they are given a medicine to make them unconscious it is still very painful. Anybody can take part in this ritual. Each group has the same basic believes but then differs when it comes to rituals and culture. In the ‘Karaja’ group the role of men and women are very important. The men are responsible for defending the territory, clearing swiddens, domestic and collective fishing trips and formalized discussions in the men’s plaza. Women are responsible for the education of the children until the age of initiation for the boys but permanently  responsible for the girls. They also do the domestic tasks such as cooking, collecting swiddens products and arranging the marriage of the children (usually done by the grandmothers) and also the painting and decoration of the children during rituals and the manufacture of ceramic dolls. When a baby is born the baby is washed with warm water and it face is painted with red dye. During the infancy the baby spends most of its time with its mother or grandmothers. However when a boy reaches the age of seven or eight his lower lip is pierced. When he reaches the age of ten to twelve years- the boy takes part in a large male ritual called Big House or Hetohoky. The boys are painted with blue/black genipap and remain confined for seven days in a ritual house called the Big House. The hair is cut off and the boy is called giant river otter or jyre. During the first menstrual period of a girl, the maternal grandmother looks after her and she is confined in isolation. Her public re-appearance is when she is elaborately decorated with painted body designs and feather adornments in order to dance with the Aruanas. This is highly rated by the men. The marriage is ideally arranged by the grandmother-preferably from the same village. Once married the couple life at the girls mothers house. When the family number becomes numerous the couple makes their own house. They also have many myths. For example the ‘Canela’ believe that the origin of fire and corn came about like this: a boy brought fire for his people by stealing it from the hearth of a female jaguar. Star woman fell in love with a Canela and so came down to live for awhile among his family members. During her stay she told them that corn would grow fin the forest and she taught them that it was good to eat. This is the origin of the gardens. She then returned to the sky with her mate and they transformed into twin starts which we know as Castor and Pollux. These are just one of the myths which have now become the background of these people. Nutrient cycling is an important part of the ecosystem. It is added into the ecosystems in many ways: Leaching- the nutrients are removed by the movement of the water. Harvesting- when the trees get harvested the nutrients they contained get removed. The amount of nutrients removes depends on how the harvesting is done. Atmosphere- nutrients contained in precipitation and dusts are deposited on the forest site. Weathering of parent material- the slow process of breaking down rock and mineral gets nutrients released in the soil. Due to human activity the life of these people are being altered. There are also a lot of environmental issues which affect the rainforest and the people living in it. This includes forest fires, diseases and landslides. The changes of environment are depending on the region and the climate. Due to all of this the lives are being changed and more recently in a major way. The cultures they had a long time ago are being lost. Before they lived depending on their surroundings and what they had and also they enjoyed it. But now they are slowly depending on tourists for some of their income and will most probably become completely dependant on tourists. Spear fishing- it is used when setting a net would be impractical, such as near trees. The spearhead is three pointed and barbed. A string is attached at the end of the spear so the fisherman can get the fish after a successful throw. Sugar cane pressers- sugar cane is grown primarily for the juice and then fermented to make a type of rum called ‘aguardiente’.

Competency Statement Essay

To establish and main a safe, healthy learning environment I believe it is important to establish and maintain a safe and healthy learning environment by keeping my center and play ground area clean and free of the things that are harmful to my children. I believe the first steps to encourage learning is to keep a clean and safe environment, that my children’s minds will be stimulated and will meet there individual learning styles. My goal is to encourage my children to follow healthy and nutritional eating habits. I do this by promoting foods that are healthy and clean for my children to eat. I teach about and have my children sample all types of healthy food to help our bodies grow strong. My children and I have helped encourage in changing the centers menu to make the menu fun, colorful, yet healthy and nutritious, that meet the needs of those children with a special diet. One thing I would love to try to do more of would to have the children service them self as a family style meal. In the functional area of establishing a learning environment my goal for my children is to try to make sure that my classroom is fun, safe, organized and set up for success. In my classroom I have seven different learning areas: art, science, blocks, dramatic play, manipulative, writing and library. All labeled with words and pictures. I try to set up stimulating learning centers so that my children can move freely with age appropriate material for their self-directed play and learning. I like to provide a high activity, low stress environment where my children can learn and play happily together. I do have to mesh some centers onto one shelf due to limited space in my classroom. If I could I would change the layout of the room and add some more space for each center. My weekly plan is not designed by myself but by my company. I believe it is a very effective lesson plan, age appropriate and fun. I do get to add or make changes to it as needed to make it work for special needs. I try to  involve my parents in helping provide props or anything they have laying around the house that we can use to make our centers more life like. My lesson plan focus areas include circle time, language/reading activities, creative expression, science/math, music and movement, gross motor, dramatic play and sensory. I try to make every lesson fun and hands on so that I know my children are grasping the learning part of the lesson.

Exploring the Meaning of Blood, Nature, and Rationality in Shakespeare’s Macbeth

Through the course of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the play’s protagonists plague themselves over the fight between blood and nature among many other things. Blood, be it the kind shed upon ones death or the kind that carries entitlement and stature, parallels and collides with the most basic ideas of nature, and what is natural for a human being. Throughout the play, blood, nature, and rationality are equivocated to highlight Macbeth’s underlying irrationality, justifications, 1 and deeply seeded desires.The issue presented by nature is one that is vital to this play. Macbeth goes against the nature of a human when he slays Duncan, and doesn’t allow him to die in the way that nature intended. Macbeth further defies nature, when he hired the murderers to kill Banquo, because fears of â€Å"[Banquo’s] royalty of nature† (3. 1. 51) have Macbeth convinced that if he doesn’t murder Banquo, it is â€Å"for Banquo’s issue have [he] filed [his] mind† (3. 1. 66). Shakespeare uses very specific language here when he uses â€Å"filed† instead of a word with less, almost intrusive intensity.A word like â€Å"filed,† which is a shorter version of defiled, creates the idea that Macbeth has truly done something horrible to the nature of his being (his brain)2. By corrupting nature and its course, Macbeth changes his own nature, and we see this change often coupled with blood, and the spilling of blood. Blood, another common theme throughout the play, has a double meaning, or is equivocated. One of Macbeth’s primary issues in his soliloquy is that Banquo is going to pass on royal blood to his sons that will become kings.Furthermore, if Macbeth allows Banquo to live, it is for Banquo that Macbeth has â€Å"put rancours in the vessel of [his] peace. † Again, Shakespeare combines blood and nature to highlight the severity of Macbeth’s condition3. In order to justify Duncan’ s murder, Macbeth has to resort to more bloodshed, (the literal interpretation of blood)4, go against nature by killing another being, all in the pursuit of the royal blood that brings power when in courses through ones veins. Nature and blood parallel each other throughout this scene, and they shed light on the consequences of going against them via Macbeth.Additionally, Macbeth uses blood as well as nature to justify the killings of those around him, perpetuating the circle of guilt and remorse that he has already started. First, Macbeth comments on how Banquo â€Å"chid the sisters† and â€Å"bade them to speak to him† (3. 1. 58-60). His tone is very childish in the sense that he sees Banquo’s curiosity in the weird sisters as a threat, and almost instantly assumes that Banquo is trying to steal whatever prophecy the sisters bestowed unto him, similarly5 to how a child would suspect a playmate of stealing his crayons.Also, the sounds made by the words Macbeth uses are very strong and curt, â€Å"chid,† â€Å"bade,† â€Å"speak. † These sounds demonstrate the shortness and irrationality of Macbeth’s thoughts, which follow a similar pattern to those of a child, starting with a slow and long sound and then stopping abruptly with a hard sound. These words help show how Macbeth truly is being taken over by his insatiable quest for power, and is driven to the point where he can’t stop what he has started.Macbeth realizes, 6 too little too late, that he is trapped in this cycle; he interrupts nature and the natural balance of things by killing everyone to obtain power, spills innocent blood, and then later feels the emotional and psychological affects of his actions. If Macbeth were to see this pattern before he had Banquo killed, maybe he and Lady Macbeth would have been spared the hysteria and paranoia. However, despite Macbeth’s undeniable acts of evil and bloodshed, there is this sense of guilt and sorrow in this soliloquy.Although he did kill Duncan, he understands that if he doesn’t fulfill his task of killing Banquo that Duncan’s murder would have meant nothing, and that would add to his inner turmoil. Macbeth captures this idea when he refers to Duncan as â€Å"gracious† (3. 1. 67), which implies that he did feel some sort of affection towards Duncan, which would then lead to the idea that Macbeth was thirsty enough to kill someone as gracious as Duncan in order to be king, and that it was justifiable in some way7

AMERICAN POLITICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

AMERICAN POLITICS - Essay Example These Justices are nominated by the President, and then the nomination is approved by the Senate. The length of their usual term is as long as they live, under the condition of good behavior. This could mean holding the position for life, wherein they leave office only when they die, choose to retire, resign, or be ousted or impeached by the people. The proposed change in the judicial system poses that the president appoints the justices, and the Senate confirms if the appointment is OK. But the federal judges will only be given a term of ten years, not like of today wherein they can stay as long as they want, unless they die, retire, resign or get impeached. But these judges are also eligible for re-appointment and undergo the same process. The biggest thing that will be changed is the length of time a Justice could be in position. A justice is allowed to be in position for as long as he wishes, provided that he is in good condition of behavior. But with this proposition, it will be changed to only up to ten years, even though he could still be reappointed. This is a big change in the judicial system of the United States, because it has been like this way for many decades already. Even the court is renamed depending on whose term it is, like for example Burger Court, if a certain Justice Burger is on the position of chief justice. Why is this change important? The length of time a justice stays in court is very essential in managing cases. Through this way, we could assure of his competency. Changing justices every ten years is like an evaluation of his performance. If during his term, he did well, it is very likely that he will be reappointed. If he didn’t, well it’s very likely that there will be a new set of Justices waiting for appointment (Becker). The lifelong stay of the federal judges in good condition of behavior has caught attention recently though it has been rarely or not thoroughly discussed way back. Before,

Mandrill Baboon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mandrill Baboon - Essay Example The discussion typically focuses on the Mandrill sphinx, the mandrill species, which posses unique social characteristics, physical appearances, and behavior traits. The physical and behavioral traits of mandrill are particularly explored. The discussion also explains in depth the Class, Family, Order, and taxonomy of the species along with its biological description and habitat facts. The social behavior and reproduction facts of these species are also explained in detail. The systematic classification of this species provides an in-depth knowledge about the animal and its phylogeny. As per the taxonomy, animals are typically classified as Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. Mandrill come under the Kingdom Animalia; Phylum Chordata; Subphylum Vertebrata; and Class Mammalia (Gron, 2009). They belong to the biological Order Primates, and typically come under the Suborder Catarrhini, which comprises of apes and the Old World monkeys. Mandrill is considered to be an Old World monkey, characterized by its long limbs, larger size, upright tail, and light colored fur. They are further classified under the superfamily Cercopithecoidea, which consists of the Old World monkeys, as well as is a part of the family of Cercopithecidae and the subfamily of Cercopithecinae, consisting of baboons, macaques, mangabeys, and other relatives. Mandrill or Mandrillus sphinx is a largest primate belonging to the Papionini tribe and comes under the genu s of Mandrillus, which includes both drills and mandrills. There are no subspecies under this category and so are referred with their common name, instead of scientific name. Mandrills are found in and around the dense tropical rainforest as well as in the grasslands of southern Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Congo in the western-central parts of Africa. The geographical range of these mandrills is bordered between the

How stuff work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How stuff work - Research Paper Example This invention came into the limelight immediately because it was the key in solving one of the biggest environmental challenges-Oil spills and was concept of bioremediation since no harmful chemicals or other products were employed. Oil spills always have a catastrophic effect on the marine ecosystem as well as those who depend on the marine ecosystem .such as birds, fishing industry and tourism industry. The toxic oil stuck to the bird’s feathers prohibiting them from flying and has serious effects on the marine life as well. Until the invention of these microbes the cost of cleaning up the oil was extremely high. Using techniques such as dispersants or mechanical skimming cost almost $7,350 per metric ton of oil. Often oil was spilled in the middle of the ocean where logistics posed a great problem and in most cases only a mere 20% of the oil spilled could be cleaned up. However the invention of these oil-eating microbes have been a boon to mankind since these microbes make the cleaning up process practical, rapid and environment friendly. Production of Oil eating Bacteria Oil especially crude oil is composed of hydrocarbons. Many bacteria and fungi have the natural capability of breaking down oil into carbon dioxide and water however none of the naturally occurring bacteria could degrade all the components. While working with microbes he recognized the fact that microbial metabolism could be used for the process of bioremediation. Recombinant DNA technology also known as RDT is the technology used by biotechnologists and genetic engineers to transfer DNA or genetic material from one cell to another with the help of vectors or carrying bodies such as plasmids. Certain bacterial strains already bore the gene which encodes for specialized enzymes. These specialized enzymes have the capability of degrading oil, nullifying their toxicity and turning them into harmless products. Using recombinant DNA technology, Professor isolated the genes from these micr obes and integrated them into the vector plasmid DNA machinery. These plasmids were then integrated into strains of Pseudomonas bacteria. These genetically engineered bacteria were now made capable of producing enzymes on their own which could degrade oil and render them harmless. Working principle The entire working principle of the oil degrading microbes is based on the study of enzymes. The enzymes help the bacteria in obtaining their carbon from the oils. Once these microbes are put into the water containing oil, their only source of carbon is the oil on the water surface. The bacteria which can produce oil-degrading enzymes start production and utilizes the degraded oil as its energy resource. Hydrocarbon degrading enzymes such as alkane hydroxylase, catechol dioxygense are some of the enzymes that are encoded by the genes of some naturally occurring oil0degrading bacteria and which have been genetically transferred into Pseudomonas strain enabling the latter to break down a wi de variety of oil components (Peixoto et al,2011, p.2). The bacteria proliferates at the site of oil spill since large quantities of carbon resource is available. Problems